LVM 的基本概念

物理卷 Physical Volume (PV)：可以在上面建立卷组的媒介，可以是硬盘分区，也可以是硬盘本身或者回环文件（loopback file）。物理卷包括一个特殊的 header，其余部分被切割为一块块物理区域（physical extents）

卷组 Volume group (VG)：将一组物理卷收集为一个管理单元

逻辑卷 Logical volume (LV)：虚拟分区，由物理区域（physical extents）组成

物理区域 Physical extent (PE)：硬盘可供指派给逻辑卷的最小单位（通常为 4MB）

新建分区

root@hello:~# fdisk /dev/sdaWelcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.34).Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.Be careful before using the write command.GPT PMBR size mismatch (209715199 != 629145599) will be corrected by write.The backup GPT table is not on the end of the device. This problem will be corrected by write.Command (m for help): nPartition number (4-128, default 4): First sector (209713152-629145566, default 209713152): Last sector, /-sectors or /-size{K,M,G,T,P} (209713152-629145566, default 629145566): Created a new partition 4 of type 'Linux filesystem' and of size 200 GiB.Command (m for help): pDisk /dev/sda: 300 GiB, 322122547200 bytes, 629145600 sectorsDisk model: QEMU HARDDISK Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytesSector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytesI/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytesDisklabel type: gptDisk identifier: 9FD87B41-A400-4DD9-AE87-C852ACB2854DDevice Start End Sectors Size Type/dev/sda1 2048 4095 2048 1M BIOS boot/dev/sda2 4096 2101247 2097152 1G Linux filesystem/dev/sda3 2101248 209713151 207611904 99G Linux filesystem/dev/sda4 209713152 629145566 419432415 200G Linux filesystemCommand (m for help): wThe partition table has been altered.Syncing disks.root@hello:~#

扩展pv并查看

root@hello:~# pvcreate /dev/sda4 Physical volume "/dev/sda4" successfully created.root@hello:~# pvdisplay --- Physical volume --- PV Name /dev/sda3 VG Name ubuntu-vg PV Size <99.00 GiB / not usable 0 Allocatable yes (but full) PE Size 4.00 MiB Total PE 25343 Free PE 0 Allocated PE 25343 PV UUID DfUNvp-F4D5-J6Rj-sMcS-PqE1-bKf6-2XLfb2 --- Physical volume --- PV Name /dev/sda4 VG Name ubuntu-vg PV Size 200.00 GiB / not usable 4.98 MiB Allocatable yes (but full) PE Size 4.00 MiB Total PE 51199 Free PE 0 Allocated PE 51199 PV UUID yeXSs6-mUWY-Q31q-oD0J-yWHA-zPfp-92AKrO

扩展vg并查看

root@hello:~# vgextend ubuntu-vg /dev/sda4 Volume group "ubuntu-vg" successfully extendedroot@hello:~# vgdisplay --- Volume group --- VG Name ubuntu-vg System ID Format lvm2 Metadata Areas 2 Metadata Sequence No 4 VG Access read/write VG Status resizable MAX LV 0 Cur LV 1 Open LV 1 Max PV 0 Cur PV 2 Act PV 2 VG Size 298.99 GiB PE Size 4.00 MiB Total PE 76542 Alloc PE / Size 76542 / 298.99 GiB Free PE / Size 0 / 0 VG UUID QpG0NU-5tPY-q5Bw-mLIu-Axl6-mdtP-19WWq6

扩展lv并查看

root@hello:~# lvextend /dev/ubuntu-vg/ubuntu-lv /dev/sda4 Size of logical volume ubuntu-vg/ubuntu-lv changed from <99.00 GiB (25343 extents) to 298.99 GiB (76542 extents). Logical volume ubuntu-vg/ubuntu-lv successfully resized.root@hello:~# lvdisplay --- Logical volume --- LV Path /dev/ubuntu-vg/ubuntu-lv LV Name ubuntu-lv VG Name ubuntu-vg LV UUID ODU5p6-8E8i-30tn-3hzs-AifF-iF4Z-HzMuFL LV Write Access read/write LV Creation host, time ubuntu-server, 2022-03-29 09:07:30 0000 LV Status available # open 1 LV Size 298.99 GiB Current LE 76542 Segments 2 Allocation inherit Read ahead sectors auto - currently set to 256 Block device 253:0

扩展根文件系统

root@hello:~# resize2fs /dev/ubuntu-vg/ubuntu-lvresize2fs 1.45.5 (07-Jan-2020)Filesystem at /dev/ubuntu-vg/ubuntu-lv is mounted on /; on-line resizing requiredold_desc_blocks = 13, new_desc_blocks = 38The filesystem on /dev/ubuntu-vg/ubuntu-lv is now 78379008 (4k) blocks long.

若是xfs文件系统，可以使用xfs_growfs命令

root@hello:~# df -hT | grep ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv/dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv ext4 294G 14G 268G 5% /root@hello:~#

查看块设备的依赖关系

root@hello:~# lsblkNAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINTloop0 7:0 0 31.1M 1 loop /snap/snapd/10707loop1 7:1 0 55.4M 1 loop /snap/core18/1944loop2 7:2 0 69.9M 1 loop /snap/lxd/19188sda 8:0 0 300G 0 disk ├─sda1 8:1 0 1M 0 part ├─sda2 8:2 0 1G 0 part /boot├─sda3 8:3 0 99G 0 part │ └─ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv 253:0 0 299G 0 lvm /└─sda4 8:4 0 200G 0 part └─ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv 253:0 0 299G 0 lvm /sr0 11:0 1 1.1G 0 rom root@hello:~#

https://www.oiox.cn/

https://www.chenby.cn/

https://cby-chen.github.io/

https://weibo.com/u/5982474121

https://blog.csdn.net/qq_33921750

https://my.oschina.net/u/3981543

https://www.zhihu.com/people/chen-bu-yun-2

https://segmentfault.com/u/hppyvyv6/articles

https://juejin.cn/user/3315782802482007

https://space.bilibili.com/352476552/article

https://cloud.tencent.com/developer/column/93230

https://www.jianshu.com/u/0f894314ae2c

https://www.toutiao.com/c/user/token/MS4wLjABAAAAeqOrhjsoRZSj7iBJbjLJyMwYT5D0mLOgCoo4pEmpr4A/

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